G.654E is a "land-based, long-haul, ultra-low-loss, large effective area" single-mode optical fiber standardized by ITU-T in 2016. It is specifically designed for high-speed backbone networks operating at 100G/400G and above, and is commonly referred to as the "land-based version of G.654."

1. Positioning and Origin
G.654 was originally an optical fiber for submarine cables (subtypes A/B/C/D), characterized by ultra-low loss at 1550 nm, a large modal field, and a shifted cutoff wavelength.

G.654E: A new subtype introduced in 2016 specifically for terrestrial backbone networks. It tightens the macro-bend loss requirements (matching those of G.652D) while relaxing certain submarine cable specifications to accommodate terrestrial installation and construction.

2.Compared with G.652D,

-Lower transmission loss, significantly extending the transmission distance without repeaters

-Larger effective area, significantly suppressing fiber nonlinear effects

-Consistent with conventional terrestrial fiber; low susceptibility to bend loss during installation, suitable for terrestrial cabling

-Compatible with C/L-band WDM systems, offering high transmission stability

3, The core technology advantages
1. Ultra-low loss + large effective area, greatly improved transmission performance
Compared with traditional G.652D fiber, G.654E fiber has a larger effective area, which can greatly suppress fiber nonlinear effects such as four-wave mixing and self-phase modulation. The optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of the system can be improved by about 3dB, which perfectly solves the signal distortion problem in high-rate transmission.
2. Ultra-long relay transmission distance
In the 400G ultra-high speed transmission system, the transmission distance of G.654E optical fiber is increased by more than 60% compared with G.652D, and the transmission distance of single-segment non-electric relay can reach more than 900km, which greatly reduces the number of relay stations and reduces the cost of network construction and operation and maintenance.
3. Adapting to a full range of high-speed optical transmission systems
Specially optimized for 100G, 400G and 800G coherent communication systems, it is the preferred optical fiber model for ultra-high-speed wavelength division transmission of current backbone networks, which can meet the network bandwidth expansion requirements in the next 5-10 years.
4. High compatibility, seamless replacement networking
Macrobend loss index is completely aligned with mainstream G.652D fiber, compatible with existing terrestrial optical transmission equipment and wiring system, can directly replace old optical fiber, can also realize new and old fiber hybrid networking, transformation and upgrading cost is low.
5. Adapting to high power incoming fiber scenarios
It can effectively suppress Brillouin scattering, improve system transmission margin, and adapt to long-distance and high-gain optical amplification transmission scenarios.
IV. Typical application scenarios
1. National and provincial land long-distance backbone networks: inter-provincial and inter-city core WDM/OTN wavelength division transmission trunks, supporting ultra-large bandwidth cross-regional transmission.
2. Ultra-high speed data center interconnection (DCI): 400G/800G long-distance interconnection scenario between large computing centers and cloud data centers.
3. High-end government-enterprise trunk line, private network transmission: finance, power, government affairs and other special communication networks with high requirements on transmission stability, bandwidth and distance.
4. Long-distance no-relay transmission scenarios: transmission lines in remote areas, cross-lake areas, long-distance direct connections, etc. where it is difficult to add relay stations.
V. Summary
G.654E is a high-end optical fiber model specially designed for ultra-high speed and long-distance backbone transmission on land. Compared with traditional G.652D optical fiber, it has the core advantages of lower loss, smaller nonlinearity, longer transmission distance and larger bandwidth capacity. At the same time, it solves the pain point that traditional marine G.654 optical fiber is not suitable for land construction. It is the core selection for current and future high-speed backbone optical network construction.